{"id":554,"date":"2018-08-03T21:20:05","date_gmt":"2018-08-03T21:20:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/feizonline.com\/kargah\/?p=554"},"modified":"2019-02-17T21:16:57","modified_gmt":"2019-02-17T21:16:57","slug":"desease-mongering","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/feizonline.com\/kargah\/2018\/08\/03\/desease-mongering\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u0648\u063a\u06cc\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"direction: rtl;\">\u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0632\u06cc<sup class=\"footnotes_LTR\" id=\"rf1-554\"><a class=\"footnotes_LTR\" href=\"#fn1-554\" rel=\"footnote\">[\u06f1]<\/a><span class=\"LTRtooltiptext\">desease mongering<\/span><\/sup> \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634 \u0633\u0648\u062f\u062c\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0654 \u0645\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647\u0654 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0632\u06cc \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642\u0650 \u062a\u0631\u063a\u06cc\u0628 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0654 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc<sup class=\"footnotes_LTR\" id=\"rf2-554\"><a class=\"footnotes_LTR\" href=\"#fn2-554\" rel=\"footnote\">[\u06f2]<\/a><span class=\"LTRtooltiptext\">pharmaceutical companies<\/span><\/sup>\u060c \u067e\u0632\u0634\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0637\u06cc\u0641 \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0632\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f. \u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0632\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0686\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0632\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0654 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0686\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0622\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: rtl;\">\u0622\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u00ab\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u00bb<sup class=\"footnotes_LTR\" id=\"rf3-554\"><a class=\"footnotes_LTR\" href=\"#fn3-554\" rel=\"footnote\">[\u06f3]<\/a><span class=\"LTRtooltiptext\">Listerine<\/span><\/sup> \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0636\u062f\u0639\u0641\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f1\u06f8\u06f9\u06f5 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0634 \u0622\u0646\u200c \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0647 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\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0686\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u00ab\u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u00bb \u0627\u062d\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u062c \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0636\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u067e\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0632<sup class=\"footnotes_LTR\" id=\"rf4-554\"><a class=\"footnotes_LTR\" href=\"#fn4-554\" rel=\"footnote\">[\u06f4]<\/a><span class=\"LTRtooltiptext\">halitosis<\/span><\/sup>. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0647\u0654 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0650 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u06cc\u063a\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0650 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u062f. \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0628\u0648\u06cc\u06cc\u0650 \u062f\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0632 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0650 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u062c\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0641\u062a\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0641\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 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\u062f\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u062a\u0631\u0641\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062f: \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0650 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0686\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc \u062c\u0644\u0648\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0650 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0650 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u0644\u0648\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u064b \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0650 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0650 \u062f\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<sup class=\"footnotes_LTR\" id=\"rf5-554\"><a class=\"footnotes_LTR\" href=\"#fn5-554\" rel=\"footnote\">[\u06f5]<\/a><span class=\"LTRtooltiptext\">Dossey, Dr Larry. 2010. &ldquo;Creating Disease: Big Pharma and Disease Mongering.&rdquo; Huffington Post (blog). June 18, 2010. https:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/dr-larry-dossey\/big-pharma-health-care-cr_b_613311.html.<\/span><\/sup> \u0648\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u06cc\u0645\u0632<sup class=\"footnotes_LTR\" id=\"rf6-554\"><a class=\"footnotes_LTR\" href=\"#fn6-554\" rel=\"footnote\">[\u06f6]<\/a><span class=\"LTRtooltiptext\">William James<\/span><\/sup>\u060c \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0641\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u06a9\u0648\u0647\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0641\u062a \u00ab\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0622\u06af\u0647\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u06cc\u0686 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0650 \u062f\u0634\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f.\u00bb<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: rtl;\">\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0647\u200c\u06cc\u0650\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u00ab\u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u2014\u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u067e\u0632\u0634\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0648 \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0644\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u00bb<sup class=\"footnotes_LTR\" id=\"rf7-554\"><a class=\"footnotes_LTR\" href=\"#fn7-554\" rel=\"footnote\">[\u06f7]<\/a><span class=\"LTRtooltiptext\">Payer, Lynn. 1994. Disease-Mongers: How Doctors, Drug Companies, and Insurers Are Making You Feel Sick. New York: Wiley.<\/span><\/sup> \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0632\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<blockquote><p>\u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u062f\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0637\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0645\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<blockquote><p>\u0631\u0646\u062c\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u06cc\u062d \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<blockquote><p>\u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0632 \u00ab\u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u00bb \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0646\u062c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<blockquote><p>\u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u00ab\u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0645\u0628\u0648\u062f\u00bb<sup class=\"footnotes_LTR\" id=\"rf8-554\"><a class=\"footnotes_LTR\" href=\"#fn8-554\" rel=\"footnote\">[\u06f8]<\/a><span class=\"LTRtooltiptext\">deficiency disease<\/span><\/sup> \u06cc\u0627 \u00ab\u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u00bb<sup class=\"footnotes_LTR\" id=\"rf9-554\"><a class=\"footnotes_LTR\" href=\"#fn9-554\" rel=\"footnote\">[\u06f9]<\/a><span class=\"LTRtooltiptext\">disease of hormonal imbalance<\/span><\/sup> \u062c\u0644\u0648\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<blockquote><p>\u067e\u0632\u0634\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0654 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u062c \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<blockquote><p>\u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0654 \u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0654 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<blockquote><p>\u062f\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u062c\u0644\u0648\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<blockquote><p>\u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0654 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0622\u0645\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0637\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0634 \u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0632\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0633\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0654 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"direction: rtl;\">\u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0632\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0650 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0647\u0654 \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u06cc\u0648\u0639\u0650 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u064f\u0631\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647\u0654 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0686\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af\u200c\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0650 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u062c\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0650 \u0646\u0639\u0648\u0638<sup class=\"footnotes_LTR\" id=\"rf10-554\"><a class=\"footnotes_LTR\" href=\"#fn10-554\" rel=\"footnote\">[\u06f1\u06f0]<\/a><span class=\"LTRtooltiptext\">erectile dysfunction<\/span><\/sup>\u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0650 \u062c\u0646\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0646\u0627\u0646<sup class=\"footnotes_LTR\" id=\"rf11-554\"><a class=\"footnotes_LTR\" href=\"#fn11-554\" rel=\"footnote\">[\u06f1\u06f1]<\/a><span class=\"LTRtooltiptext\">female sexual dysfunction<\/span><\/sup>\u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0650 \u062f\u0648\u0642\u0637\u0628\u06cc<sup class=\"footnotes_LTR\" id=\"rf12-554\"><a class=\"footnotes_LTR\" href=\"#fn12-554\" rel=\"footnote\">[\u06f1\u06f2]<\/a><span class=\"LTRtooltiptext\">bipolar disorder<\/span><\/sup> \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0650 \u0634\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0650 \u062e\u0644\u0642\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u0650 \u0634\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0641\u0633\u0631\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0645\u200c\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647\u06cc-\u0628\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc<sup class=\"footnotes_LTR\" id=\"rf13-554\"><a class=\"footnotes_LTR\" href=\"#fn13-554\" rel=\"footnote\">[\u06f1\u06f3]<\/a><span class=\"LTRtooltiptext\">attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, known as ADHD<\/span><\/sup>\u060c \u0633\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0645 \u067e\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<sup class=\"footnotes_LTR\" id=\"rf14-554\"><a class=\"footnotes_LTR\" href=\"#fn14-554\" rel=\"footnote\">[\u06f1\u06f4]<\/a><span class=\"LTRtooltiptext\">restless legs syndrome<\/span><\/sup> \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0650 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u067e\u0648\u06a9\u06cc\u0650 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646<sup class=\"footnotes_LTR\" id=\"rf15-554\"><a class=\"footnotes_LTR\" href=\"#fn15-554\" rel=\"footnote\">[\u06f1\u06f5]<\/a><span class=\"LTRtooltiptext\">osteoporosis<\/span><\/sup>\u060c \u06a9\u0645\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06cc\u0650 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u06cc<sup class=\"footnotes_LTR\" id=\"rf16-554\"><a class=\"footnotes_LTR\" href=\"#fn16-554\" rel=\"footnote\">[\u06f1\u06f6]<\/a><span class=\"LTRtooltiptext\">social shyness, also called social anxiety disorder and social phobia<\/span><\/sup>\u060c \u0633\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0654 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631<sup class=\"footnotes_LTR\" id=\"rf17-554\"><a class=\"footnotes_LTR\" href=\"#fn17-554\" rel=\"footnote\">[\u06f1\u06f7]<\/a><span class=\"LTRtooltiptext\">irritable bowel syndrome <\/span><\/sup> \u0648 \u0631\u06cc\u0632\u0634\u0650 \u0645\u0648<sup class=\"footnotes_LTR\" id=\"rf18-554\"><a class=\"footnotes_LTR\" href=\"#fn18-554\" rel=\"footnote\">[\u06f1\u06f8]<\/a><span class=\"LTRtooltiptext\">balding<\/span><\/sup> \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0632\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.<sup class=\"footnotes_LTR\" id=\"rf19-554\"><a class=\"footnotes_LTR\" href=\"#fn19-554\" rel=\"footnote\">[\u06f1\u06f9]<\/a><span class=\"LTRtooltiptext\">Dossey, Dr Larry. 2010. &ldquo;Creating Disease: Big Pharma and Disease Mongering.&rdquo; Huffington Post (blog). June 18, 2010. https:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/dr-larry-dossey\/big-pharma-health-care-cr_b_613311.html.<\/span><\/sup> \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u0650 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u062e \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0647\u0654 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0654 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0650 \u0634\u06cc\u0648\u0639\u0650 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f\u0650 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0650 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631\u0650 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af\u200c\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u0648\u063a\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<hr class=\"footnotes\"><ol class=\"footnotes\"><li style=\"padding-top: 100px; margin-top: -100px;\" id=\"fn1-554\"><p>desease mongering&nbsp;<a href=\"#rf1-554\" class=\"backlink\"  title=\"Jump back to footnote 1 in the text.\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p><\/li><li style=\"padding-top: 100px; margin-top: -100px;\" id=\"fn2-554\"><p>pharmaceutical companies&nbsp;<a href=\"#rf2-554\" class=\"backlink\"  title=\"Jump back to footnote 2 in the text.\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p><\/li><li style=\"padding-top: 100px; margin-top: -100px;\" id=\"fn3-554\"><p>Listerine&nbsp;<a href=\"#rf3-554\" class=\"backlink\"  title=\"Jump back to footnote 3 in the text.\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p><\/li><li style=\"padding-top: 100px; margin-top: -100px;\" id=\"fn4-554\"><p>halitosis&nbsp;<a href=\"#rf4-554\" class=\"backlink\"  title=\"Jump back to footnote 4 in the text.\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p><\/li><li style=\"padding-top: 100px; margin-top: -100px;\" id=\"fn5-554\"><p>Dossey, Dr Larry. 2010. \u201cCreating Disease: Big Pharma and Disease Mongering.\u201d Huffington Post (blog). June 18, 2010. https:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/dr-larry-dossey\/big-pharma-health-care-cr_b_613311.html.&nbsp;<a href=\"#rf5-554\" class=\"backlink\"  title=\"Jump back to footnote 5 in the text.\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p><\/li><li style=\"padding-top: 100px; margin-top: -100px;\" id=\"fn6-554\"><p>William James&nbsp;<a href=\"#rf6-554\" class=\"backlink\"  title=\"Jump back to footnote 6 in the text.\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p><\/li><li style=\"padding-top: 100px; margin-top: -100px;\" id=\"fn7-554\"><p>Payer, Lynn. 1994. Disease-Mongers: How Doctors, Drug Companies, and Insurers Are Making You Feel Sick. New York: Wiley.&nbsp;<a href=\"#rf7-554\" class=\"backlink\"  title=\"Jump back to footnote 7 in the text.\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p><\/li><li style=\"padding-top: 100px; margin-top: -100px;\" id=\"fn8-554\"><p>deficiency disease&nbsp;<a href=\"#rf8-554\" class=\"backlink\"  title=\"Jump back to footnote 8 in the text.\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p><\/li><li style=\"padding-top: 100px; margin-top: -100px;\" id=\"fn9-554\"><p>disease of hormonal imbalance&nbsp;<a href=\"#rf9-554\" class=\"backlink\"  title=\"Jump back to footnote 9 in the text.\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p><\/li><li style=\"padding-top: 100px; margin-top: -100px;\" id=\"fn10-554\"><p>erectile dysfunction&nbsp;<a href=\"#rf10-554\" class=\"backlink\"  title=\"Jump back to footnote 10 in the text.\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p><\/li><li style=\"padding-top: 100px; margin-top: -100px;\" id=\"fn11-554\"><p>female sexual dysfunction&nbsp;<a href=\"#rf11-554\" class=\"backlink\"  title=\"Jump back to footnote 11 in the text.\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p><\/li><li style=\"padding-top: 100px; margin-top: -100px;\" id=\"fn12-554\"><p>bipolar disorder&nbsp;<a href=\"#rf12-554\" class=\"backlink\"  title=\"Jump back to footnote 12 in the text.\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p><\/li><li style=\"padding-top: 100px; margin-top: -100px;\" id=\"fn13-554\"><p>attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, known as ADHD&nbsp;<a href=\"#rf13-554\" class=\"backlink\"  title=\"Jump back to footnote 13 in the text.\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p><\/li><li style=\"padding-top: 100px; margin-top: -100px;\" id=\"fn14-554\"><p>restless legs syndrome&nbsp;<a href=\"#rf14-554\" class=\"backlink\"  title=\"Jump back to footnote 14 in the text.\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p><\/li><li style=\"padding-top: 100px; margin-top: -100px;\" id=\"fn15-554\"><p>osteoporosis&nbsp;<a href=\"#rf15-554\" class=\"backlink\"  title=\"Jump back to footnote 15 in the text.\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p><\/li><li style=\"padding-top: 100px; margin-top: -100px;\" id=\"fn16-554\"><p>social shyness, also called social anxiety disorder and social phobia&nbsp;<a href=\"#rf16-554\" class=\"backlink\"  title=\"Jump back to footnote 16 in the text.\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p><\/li><li style=\"padding-top: 100px; margin-top: -100px;\" id=\"fn17-554\"><p>irritable bowel syndrome &nbsp;<a href=\"#rf17-554\" class=\"backlink\"  title=\"Jump back to footnote 17 in the text.\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p><\/li><li style=\"padding-top: 100px; margin-top: -100px;\" id=\"fn18-554\"><p>balding&nbsp;<a href=\"#rf18-554\" class=\"backlink\"  title=\"Jump back to footnote 18 in the text.\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p><\/li><li style=\"padding-top: 100px; margin-top: -100px;\" id=\"fn19-554\"><p>Dossey, Dr Larry. 2010. \u201cCreating Disease: Big Pharma and Disease Mongering.\u201d Huffington Post (blog). June 18, 2010. https:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/dr-larry-dossey\/big-pharma-health-care-cr_b_613311.html.&nbsp;<a href=\"#rf19-554\" class=\"backlink\"  title=\"Jump back to footnote 19 in the text.\">&#8617;<\/a><\/p><\/li><\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0632\u06cc[\u06f1]desease mongering \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634 \u0633\u0648\u062f\u062c\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0654 \u0645\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647\u0654 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0632\u06cc \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642\u0650 \u062a\u0631\u063a\u06cc\u0628 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0654 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc[\u06f2]pharmaceutical companies\u060c \u067e\u0632\u0634\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0637\u06cc\u0641 \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0632\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f. \u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0632\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0686\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0632\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0654 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f&#8230; 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